The invention discloses an environment-friendly storage box based on photovoltaic power generation. The environment-friendly storage box comprises a base, wherein a storage cavity with an upward opening is arranged in the base, a top cover is arranged on the outer side of the base, a cavity with a downward opening is formed in the top cover, photovoltaic power generation panels are symmetrically arranged in the left end wall and the right end wall of the top cover, semicircular cover plates are arranged above the photovoltaic power generation panels, and hinging shafts are hinged between the semicircular cover plates and the top cover. The photovoltaic power generation is used for carrying out water cooling circulation to refrigerate objects by the box, the photovoltaic power generation isgreen and environment-friendly, meanwhile, a water-cooling circulation of the box reacts sensitively, the heat energy transmission efficiency is high, the freezing effect is good, after freezing is completed, the box can automatically discharge residual cooling liquid in a cooling module, capillary tubes in the water cooling circulation are not easy to block after being used for a long time, theservice life of the box is long, in addition, the operation is simple and clear in the using process, an internal guide pipe and the cooling liquid of the box can be randomly replaced, the maintenancecost is low, and the practicability is high.