The invention provides a method for breeding a recessive nucleic male sterility three-line temporary maintainer line of oilseed rape with high oil content. The method comprises steps as follows: a known oilseed rape temporary maintainer line is taken as a female parent and hybridized with a conventional oilseed rape variety with high oil content, a new temporary maintainer line is obtained through4 generations of test cross transformation, two generations are alternately planted for 3-4 cycles in a summer seeding high altitude region and an autumn seeding low altitude region each year, a single plant with the oil content increased at most is used for next planting during each harvesting, and the recessive nucleic male sterility three-line temporary maintainer line of the oilseed rape withhigh oil content is obtained. Three-line mating is realized through the recessive nucleic male sterility three-line temporary maintainer line of the oilseed rape with high oil content and a bred homozygous sterile line with high oil content, a recessive nucleic male sterility complete sterile line of the oilseed rape with high oil content can be obtained, and finally, a recessive nucleic male sterility hybrid oilseed rape variety with high oil content and high yield is bred. The breeding process is accelerated, the method is a better selection method for high-oil-content breeding, the breeding success rate is high, the test cross workload is small, and compared with recessive nucleic male sterility two-line seed production, and the workload of removing 50% of fertile plants during seed production is reduced.