The invention discloses a germanium plane mirror chemical polishing method by using an electric field effect to improve acidity and basicity of a processing area. The germanium plane mirror chemical polishing method comprises the following steps of manufacturing a high dielectric constant vacuum sucker and a high dielectric constant polishing disc; coating high-temperature silver pastes on the nonworking end surfaces of the polishing disc and a base disc, connecting electrodes, and carrying out insulating treatment; and vacuumizing a germanium plane mirror on the porous ceramic base disc, andpolishing with a chemical polishing solution. The polishing principle of the method is that the high dielectric constant ceramic polishing disc is used, after the polishing disc and the vacuum adsorption ceramic base disc are connected with electrodes, a strong electric field is generated in a polishing area, and hydrogen ions or hydrogen oxygen ions move to the workpiece surface, so that the surface acidity and alkalinity of a workpiece are improved, the corrosiveness of the polishing solution to the workpiece surface is improved, and under the shear action of hydraulic pressure fluid, the surface of the workpiece is subjected to chemical non-contact polishing. According to the germanium plane mirror chemical polishing method by using the electric field effect to improve acidity and basicity of the processing area, the pH value of the workpiece surface can be controlled by the electric field, and through chemical non-contact polishing, the quality of the workpiece surface is improved, and the surface wear is avoided.