The invention provides a phrase mining method and system based on traditional Chinese medicine ancient book literature. The mining method comprises: combining a phrase mining technology, a word segmentation method oriented to traditional Chinese medicine ancient books and literatures and a language knowledge base; adding a stop word list and high-quality phrases of traditional Chinese medicine ancient books, using a word segmentation method oriented to traditional Chinese medicine ancient book literatures for word segmentation, then using files obtained after word segmentation and mapping files generated through word mapping for phrase separation of part-of-speech guidance twice, storing a model and a result, and generating a phrase mining result according to a model result and marking back. The method is based on a remote supervision method, manual corpus labeling is not needed, manual feature extraction through design is not needed either, only an existing public knowledge base needsto be utilized, and manpower and material resources are saved; high-quality phrases are extracted from a large number of traditional Chinese medicine ancient literatures, only limited shallow language analysis needs to be conducted, operation is easy, and efficiency is higher. Meanwhile, the ancient book literature is utilized more comprehensively, so that phrases in the traditional Chinese medicine ancient book literature are mined efficiently and intelligently.