The invention discloses a rapid connection and emergency release device for a cross-connection cable between ocean platforms. The device comprises an upper connecting flange and a lower connecting flange which are connected through a plurality of clamping blocks, wherein the upper connecting flange and the lower connecting flange are coaxially arranged up and down; the lower connecting flange is provided with a cross-connection hose flange connecting hole; the rapid connection and emergency release device also comprises an energy storage device and an oil cylinder which are connected together;the energy storage device and the oil cylinder are respectively connected with the clamping blocks; every two adjacent clamping blocks are connected; the clamping blocks are respectively provided with lifting ring screws; the upper connecting flange is provided with a safety chain assembly; and the safety chain assembly is connected with the lifting ring screws. The rapid connection and emergencyrelease device solves the problems that the existing rapid connection and emergency release of cables between ocean platforms are time-consuming and labor-consuming.