Belonging to the technical field of adsorption and separation functional polymer materials, the invention discloses a preparation method and application of a bivalent lead ion imprinted composite membrane. The method provided by the invention adopts lead (II) ion as the template ion, employs the self-designed and synthesized compound N-ethyl(1-benzene)-N-ethyl (2-diphenylphosphorus)-2-acrylamide as the functional monomer, uses ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linking agent, takes azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator, utilizes a commercial film as the base film, adopts a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water as the pore-foaming agent, and employs surface grafting imprinting process to imprint a polymer thin layer on the surface of the support film. The preparation method of the lead (II) ion imprinted composite membrane provided by the invention is simple in operation and low in economic cost. The obtained lead (II) ion imprinted composite membrane can achieve highly selective adsorption and removal of lead (II) ions from the aqueous solution.