Disclosed in the invention is a method for quantitative measurement of energy efficiency of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The method comprises: measuring the heat transfer performance of an evaluated shell-and-tube heat exchanger under the standard conditions and obtaining a total heat transfer coefficient k under the standard conditions; measuring the flow performance of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger under the standard conditions and acquiring pressure drops delta ps and delta pt and corresponding pump work Ws and Wt at the moment of flowing through the heat exchanger by hot and cold working media under the standard conditions; and calculating an efficiency tube-side heat exchange amount Qt, a shell-side heat exchange amount Qs and a total heat exchange amount Q of the evaluated hell-and-tube heat exchanger under the standard conditions, calculating an efficiency index EEI of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, determining a high efficiency level under the condition being largerthan or equal to c by the efficiency index EEI, determining an intermediate efficiency level under the condition being larger than or equal to b and being less than c by the efficiency index EEI, determining a relatively low efficiency level under the condition being larger than or equal to a and being less than b by the efficiency index EEI, and determining a low efficiency level under the condition being less than a by the efficiency index EEI.