The invention discloses a built-in temperature control and heat dissipation power strip for a high- and low-voltage power distribution cabinet and methods of the power strip. The built-in temperaturecontrol and heat dissipation power strip comprises a high- and low-voltage power distribution cabinet, water cooling plates, a mounting device, a rotary connecting pipeline and adsorption and fixingdevices; the mounting device comprises a damping rotation shaft and small connecting plates; the two water cooling plates are connected with each other through the small connecting plates and the damping rotation shaft and are located in the same plane; the two water cooling plates can rotate through the damping rotation shaft so as to be folded and unfolded; and the two water cooling plates rotate so as to be attached onto electrical elements in corresponding electrical element mounting regions; the interiors of the water cooling plates are of hollow structures with curved water channels; thetwo water cooling plates are rotationally connected through the rotary connecting pipeline; the two curved water channels are communicated with each other through the rotary connecting pipeline; andthe adsorption and fixing devices are in one-to-one correspondence with the water cooling plates and are used for adsorbing and fixing the water cooling plates onto the inner side surface of the high-and low-voltage power distribution cabinet so as to keep the water cooling plates attached to the electrical elements. The temperature control and heat dissipation power strip has the advantages of convenience in installation and high adaptability.