The invention discloses a spring and fixed wheel device for a high head bulkhead gate, and relates to the technical field of water resources and hydropower engineering. The spring and fixed wheel device comprises a fixed wheel mechanism; the fixed wheel mechanism comprises a wheel carrier, and a fixed wheel and a torsion bar which are positioned on the wheel carrier; the fixed wheel mechanism is rotationally connected with a gate flap structure through the torsion bar; a spring preloading mechanism is arranged at one end, close to the fixed wheel, of the wheel carrier, and comprises a spring supported between a bracket and the wheel carrier to perform preloading; the bracket is fixedly connected with the gate flap structure; and the spring can push the wheel carrier to rotate around the torsion bar. The spring and fixed wheel device has the beneficial effects that the spring is arranged between the gate bracket and the fixed wheel mechanism and preloads the fixed wheel, and compared with a traditional way of preloading the torsion bar, the way of preloading by the spring is low in cost, manufacturing and mounting are simple and convenient, loading is easy, and the adaptability is high.