The invention relates to an activity evaluation method for a Fe-based ft synthesis catalyst, and relates to the field of Fe-based ft synthesis catalysts. The method comprises the following steps that(1) reducing gas is used to reduce and activate the Fe-based ft synthesis catalyst in the oxidation state to obtain the Fe-based ft synthesis catalyst in the reduction activation degree of 80-90%; (2)initial activity of the Fe-based ft synthesis catalyst, obtained in the step (1), in the reduction activation degree of 80-90% is stabilized in the initial active condition; (3) the initial activitystabilized Fe-based ft synthesis catalyst obtained in the step (2) makes contact with H2 and CO synthetic gas to make ft synthesis reaction under the ft synthesis condition lower; and (4) after the ftsynthesis reaction, the carbon formation quantity and inactivation rate of the Fe-based ft synthesis catalyst and selectivity of ft synthesis products are tested. The method can be used to rapidly select the Fe-based ft synthesis catalyst with optimal performance.