The invention discloses a selective recovery process of mixed waste of lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and lithium iron phosphate. The selective recovery process includes the following steps that the mixed wastes of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and the lithium iron phosphate are dried, crushed and screened, and mixed powder is obtained; the mixed powder is added to an acid solution, then a conversion agent is added, acid leaching treatment and filtration are conducted, and phosphorus iron graphite slag and a filtrate containing nickel cobalt manganese phosphorus lithium ironare obtained respectively; a precipitant and the conversion agent are added to the filtrate containing the nickel cobalt manganese phosphorus lithium iron, pH is adjusted, filtration is conducted, nickel cobalt manganese slag and a lithium-containing filtrate are obtained respectively, the nickel cobalt manganese slag is washed and dried, and nickel cobalt manganese carbonate or hydroxide is obtained; and sodium phosphate is added to lithium-containing filtrate, lithium is extracted, filtration is conducted, and a submerged lithium solution and lithium phosphate are obtained respectively. According to the selective recovery process, waste of the lithium iron phosphate containing nickel cobalt manganese can be selectively recovered, the leaching rate of lithium is up to 99%, and the leaching rate of nickel and manganese exceeds 95%.