The invention discloses a DC air charging current breaking test method of a DC high-speed switch. The method comprises steps of test circuit construction and test operation. The test circuit includesa first auxiliary circuit breaker, a second auxiliary circuit breaker, a capacitor group, a resistor, an ammeter, a first voltmeter, a second voltmeter, and a DC high voltage generator; the DC high voltage generator, the second auxiliary circuit breaker, and the capacitor group are connected in series to form a loop; the capacitor group, the resistor, and the second voltmeter are connected in series to form a loop. One end of the first auxiliary circuit breaker is connected with the resistor and the other end is connected with one end of a tested circuit breaker. With the disclosed method, positive and negative DC air charging current breaking testing can be carried out on the circuit breaker to verify whether the circuit breaker meets the performance requirement of transferring air charging currents of the DC line.