The invention relates to a method for improving the penetration level of a distributed power supply by power distribution network reconstruction, and relates to the technical field of power dispatching methods. The method comprises the following steps that S1) a reconstruction mathematical model of the power distribution network with the distributed power supply is established, the distributed power supply is processed as a PQ node, the penetration level of the distributed power supply is introduced on the basis of reduction of network loss, and the sum of difference of network loss before andafter reconstruction and the access capacity of the distributed power supply serves as an objective function; S2) constraints including trend and electrical limit constraints are determined; and S3)an elite sampling method is used to determine an optimization process, no fewer than Nmin candidate solutions are generated randomly to calculate the objective function, and the solution correspondingto the maximum objective function is selected as an optimization result.