A power consumption information acquisition and monitoring system comprises a power supply, an electric energy meter, an electricity consumption information acquisition terminal and a monitoring server terminal. A power utilization acquisition terminal at least comprises a user identity identification card and is provided with a corresponding network address, and the user identity identification card is used for accessing the power utilization acquisition terminal to a public network; the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal is in communication connection with the electricenergy meter and the monitoring server terminal and is accessed to the public network; the power utilization acquisition terminal is used for acquiring power utilization data of the electric energy meter and uploading the power utilization data through the public network when receiving a data uploading instruction; the power supply is connected with the electric energy meter and the user monitoring terminal. And the monitoring server terminal clusters the power consumption information acquisition terminals to a logic router according to the round-trip time delay of the message so as to obtaina logic topology structure of the network.