The invention provides a similarity matching method and device for work tickets. The similarity matching method comprises the steps: receiving the text content of a to-be-issued work ticket, carryingout the word segmentation, and obtaining a plurality of word groups; removing stop phrases in the plurality of phrases to obtain effective phrases; calculating a weight value of each effective phrase,and obtaining a phrase vector of the work ticket to be issued according to the weight value of each effective phrase; and according to the phrase vector of the work ticket to be issued and the phrasevectors of the plurality of historical work tickets, calculating the similarity between the work ticket to be issued and the plurality of historical work tickets, and displaying the historical work tickets of which the similarity meets a preset condition to serve as a reference of the work ticket to be issued. Through the similarity matching method, historical work tickets similar to the to-be-issued work tickets are quickly matched and extracted from a large number of historical work tickets pre-stored in a database to serve as a reference for formulating the to-be-issued work tickets, so that new work tickets are quickly issued.