The invention relates to a small-scale low-energy-consumption stepped hydrogen storage system. A hydrogen source, an alloy hydrogen storage system and a high-pressure hydrogen storage system are included. The hydrogen source is arranged at the input end of a hydrogen pipeline. The hydrogen pipeline is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage system. The high-pressure hydrogen storage system comprises a classified hydrogen compressor and a classified high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The hydrogen pipeline is provided with a branch, the branch is provided with the alloy hydrogen storage system, and the output end of the alloy hydrogen storage system is connected to the hydrogen compressor of the high-pressure hydrogen storage system. The small-scale low-energy-consumption steppedhydrogen storage system has the beneficial effects that through the small-scale low-energy-consumption stepped hydrogen storage system, for the hydrogen source large in flow fluctuation, the method that the hydrogen storage energy consumption is reduced through the stepped hydrogen storage system is utilized, through alloy hydrogen storage, high-pressure hydrogen storage and other hydrogen storage technologies, the stepped hydrogen storage strategy is implemented, hydrogen compression energy consumption is reduced, system design redundancy is reduced, and small-scale efficient and stable hydrogen storage is achieved. The method and the strategy are safe, reliable, efficient, stable, economical and practical.