The invention provides a system and a method for remote operation and maintenance of a water turbine governor. The system comprises an operation and maintenance gateway, a touch screen, a data serverand an operation and maintenance terminal, the touch screen is electrically connected with the operation and maintenance gateway. The operation and maintenance gateway, the operation and maintenance terminal and the data server are all connected to the Internet. A data link from the operation and maintenance gateway to the operation and maintenance terminal is established by the data server. The operation and maintenance gateway is used for being electrically connected with the water turbine speed regulator so as to acquire operation parameters of the water turbine speed regulator and send operation parameter data to the data server and the operation and maintenance terminal. The touch screen is used for providing a human-computer interaction interface for the operation and maintenance gateway, so that an operator can conveniently check or adjust the operation parameters of the water turbine speed regulator through the touch screen. The data server is used for summarizing and storing the operation parameter data, sent by the operation and maintenance gateway, of the water turbine governor. The operation and maintenance terminal is used for receiving the operation parameter data, sent by the operation and maintenance gateway, of the water turbine governor and visually displaying the operation parameter data.