The invention provides a resource allocation method for reliable transmission of industrial Internet of Things data, and relates to the field of industrial internet-of-things communication. The invention researches a resource allocation method comprising relay association, sink node association, channel allocation and power control. An industrial Internet of Things optimization model fused with full duplex relay is obtained; the model comprises a relay selection and channel allocation vector and a power allocation vector, and the relay selection and channel allocation method based on the genetic algorithm and the power allocation method based on the genetic algorithm are respectively calculated by utilizing a two-stage optimization method, so that the reliability of data transmission of the industrial Internet of Things is improved by utilizing the characteristics of full duplex relay to the maximum extent.