The invention provides an intelligent protection device for low-voltage overload of a distribution transformer, which comprises a first assembly steel plate, a second assembly steel plate, a dampproofplate, a waterproof plate, a housing, a storage battery, a switch, a transformer, a thermal relay, an auxiliary sleeving protective cover frame structure, a wiring dustproof head structure, a digitaldisplay thermometer, an adjustment mounting frame structure and an auxiliary cooling protective frame structure, wherein the second assembly steel plate is welded on the lower part of the front surface of the first assembly steel plate; and the dampproof plate and the waterproof plate are mutually glued and respectively glued on the rear wall of the first assembly steel plate. The arrangement ofthe auxiliary sleeving protective cover frame structure is convenient for sleeving a sleeving shell on the front part of the first assembly steel plate and the lower part of the second assembly steelplate, a dust protection effect is played on the transformer and the thermal relay accordingly, and the protection effect is improved.