The invention provides a fishway variable-radius spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure. The fishway variable-radius spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure comprisesa plurality of fishway inlets (outlets), gate opening-closing and transporting equipment, a transporting track, a fishway inlet (outlet) gate storage groove, a variable-radius spiral tower type fishway, a conventional fishway, fishway inlet (outlet) gates and water-retaining breast walls; the multiple fishway inlets (outlets) are formed in different height positions of the outer side wall of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway sequentially in a centralized mode according to the heights of the operation water levels and provided with inlet (outlet) gate grooves and respective fishwayinlet (outlet) gates correspondingly, and the inlet (outlet) gate grooves and the respective fishway inlet (outlet) gates are arranged along the transporting track; and under the situations of different fishway operation water levels, the related fishway inlet (outlet) gates are automatically opened and closed according to the set operation water level interval, and it is ensured that the flow velocity of water flows of the fishway inlets (outlets) meet the fish luring condition. The fishway variable-radius spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure is small in arrangement range and compact, interference in a main project is little, operation and maintenance are convenient, the building cost is low, and the large-amplitude operation water levels can be adapted.