The invention relates to a building or a structure with multifunctional rope unwinding equipment. The multifunctional rope unwinding equipment is arranged on a roof of the building and comprises an electric transmission system or a hydraulic transmission system or a pneumatic transmission system, a rotating body and a descent control device, a rotating shaft of a motor of the electric transmissionsystem or the hydraulic transmission system or the pneumatic transmission system is connected to the rotating body directly or through a transmission mechanism, the rotating body is connected to a ratchet wheel mechanism, the descent control device is arranged on the rotating body, a descent control rope of the descent control device extends out of the rotating body to wind around the rotating body or wind around a winding drum or a winding shaft and then extends out of the rotating body or the winding drum or the winding shaft, a cable connected to the motor extends downwards to the lower part or the exterior of the building to be connected to a power supply through an electrical component capable of connecting or disconnecting the power supply, and the electric component can be used forenabling the motor to be connected to the power supply so as to achieve forward rotation or reverse rotation.