The invention discloses gas cooling, desulfurization and rich liquid regeneration integrated device and process, wherein the device comprises an efficient washing cooler, a desulfurization tower, a base, a rich liquid pump and the like. The process comprises six process steps of efficient washing cooling, gas-liquid separation, spray cooling, absorption desulfurization, purified gas defoaming andrich liquid jet oxidation regeneration. The desulfurization device is additionally provided with the efficient washing cooler, so that by means of the special structure of the efficient washing cooler, high-temperature and high-dust-content sulfur-containing raw material gas can be efficiently cooled and dedusted, cooling and dedusting equipment does not need to be additionally arranged, and investment is saved. The rich solution oxidation regeneration tank section is integrally arranged on the desulfurizing tower, so that a barren solution pump does not need to be arranged, and the cost is effectively reduced. The rich liquor jet oxidation regeneration tank section is integrated on the desulfurization tower, the rich liquor jet oxidation regeneration tank is integrated on the top of the desulfurization tower, and barren liquor obtained by regeneration directly enters the absorption desulfurization section by using the high potential difference of the regeneration tank section, so thata barren liquor pump does not need to be arranged, and the desulfurization tower has the advantages of high desulfurization liquid sulfur capacity and high desulfurization efficiency.