The invention discloses a combined anti-seismic pier column and a template-free construction method thereof. The combined anti-seismic pier column comprises a pier column base for providing supportingforce for a composite pier column; and the composite pier column which is fixed to the upper portion of the pier column base and comprises an outer wrapping sleeve and a pier body, wherein the pier body is sleeved in the outer wrapping sleeve, the outer wrapping sleeve is made of ultrahigh-toughness concrete, and the pier body is formed by pouring micro-expansion concrete. The composite pier column structure has good anti-cracking capacity and anti-seismic energy absorption capacity.