The invention relates to an energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying upgrading and reconstruction of power distribution equipment. The method comprises the steps of establishing an energy storage economic operation mathematical model, establishing network constraints and energy storage system power and electric quantity constraints, designing an energy storage economic dispatching control strategy, establishing evaluation indexes and analyzing an energy storage operation effect. By comprehensively analyzing various load conditions in the power distribution network, the energy storage action mode and method are correspondingly determined. The method has remarkable effects on peak clipping and valley filling of the power distribution network and delaying of upgrading of powerdistribution equipment, an energy storage action mode is adopted in a targeted mode for different load conditions, meanwhile, energy conservation and economy are achieved, faults such as transformer overload and power reverse transmission can be prevented, and safe and stable operation of the power distribution network and an energy storage system is guaranteed. The method has the advantages of scientificity, reasonability, high applicability, good effect and the like.