The invention provides plugging and monitoring device fora grouting materialin a steel bar grouting joint. The plugging and monitoring device comprises a plugging pipe, a sealing ring, a monitoring pipe and a ventilation cover,the sealing end of the plugging pipe is provided with a transparent bottom surface, the opening end is connected to a grout outlet hole of the steel bar grouting joint, andthe plugging pipe is provided with a first grout through hole; the sealing ring sleeve outside the plugging pipe, and the annular outer wall of the sealing ring is provided with a second grout throughhole;the monitoring pipe can be vertically inserted into the second through hole to form a detachable fixed connection; and the ventilation cover forms a detachable fixed connection with the upper end of the monitoring pipe, and at least one ventilation hole is formed in the ventilation cover. According to the plugging and monitoring device, installation is conducted before grouting, an operatorcan visually observe a position of a grouting material slurry surface in the monitoring pipe, slurry supplying can be conducted in time when grouting material slurry backflow occurs, construction difficulty is reduced, the grouting quality and construction efficiency are improved, the cost is low and waste of the grouting material can be avoided.