In order to solve the problem that parasitic capacitance and leakage current of a one-wire bus influence rising edge time of a digital level and influence on a bus communication process later, the invention provides a communication method of the one-wire bus to ensure the communication quality of the one-wire bus. In the communication method of a one-wire bus, the one-wire bus comprises a microprocessor used for controlling communication of the one-wire bus and a bus device obeying a one-wire bus protocol, and the communication method of the one-wire bus comprises the following steps: 1, measuring actual rising edge time t2 required for the bus device in the one-wire bus to generate a rising edge signal; 2, setting a signal reading period T of the microprocessor, wherein the signal readingperiod T is not less than the actual rising edge time t2; and 3, carrying out one-line bus data communication, and reading a level signal generated by the bus device by the microprocessor in a signalreading period T.