The invention relates to a configuration optimization method and device for a distributed energy station. The configuration optimization method comprises the steps: determining the maximum energy supply potential of the potential energy station according to the power upper limit of primary energy on the input side of each energy supply subsystem in the potential energy station; determining an available energy station group in the potential energy stations according to the maximum energy supply potential of the potential energy stations; and determining an available energy supply subsystem of the energy supply subsystem according to the configuration optimization index value between the energy supply subsystem and the load center in the available energy station group. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the configuration optimization method of the distributed energy station is adopted, so that the configuration construction cost of the hybrid energy station is optimal, and the total construction operation and maintenance cost, the carbon emission and the energy efficiency in the whole life cycle are optimal.