The invention discloses a butt-welding dust collection room. The butt-welding dust collection room comprises an outer shell and an exhaust fan, a main cavity is formed in the outer shell. The main cavity comprises an air pressure relief cavity and a plurality of filtering cavities positioned on one side of the air pressure relief cavity in sequence; a first partition plate is arranged between theair pressure relief cavity and the filtering cavities; second partition plates are arranged between every two adjacent filtering cavities; an air pressure relief assembly is arranged in the air pressure relief cavity; an air inlet is formed in the position, right opposite to the air pressure relief cavity, of the top side of the outer shell. An air outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the airinlet through a pipeline, an exhaust outlet is formed in the top wall of the filtering cavity located on the farthest side of the air pressure relief cavity, and an air exhaust pipe is connected intothe exhaust outlet. The butt-welding dust collection room can conduct efficient purification treatment on butt-welding dust and waste gas and is lower in cost and higher in practicability.