The invention provides a pollutant discharge list time distribution determination method and device. The pollutant discharge list time distribution determination method comprises the following steps:determining a sample collection object according to a preset sample collection condition; collecting training sample data according to the determined sample collection object, wherein the training sample data comprises bulk coal combustion amount influence parameter data; determining a daily average coal consumption determination model by utilizing a coal consumption initial model constructed by aneural network; determining the daily average bulk coal combustion amount of the to-be-detected area according to the bulk coal combustion amount influence parameter data of the to-be-detected area and the daily average coal combustion amount determination model; and determining civil coal pollutant discharge list time distribution according to the determined daily average coal consumption. A civil coal atmospheric pollutant emission list time distribution coefficient determination scheme is provided to meet the increasingly fine air quality model simulation requirements.