The invention provides a distributed control method for improving the reactive power sharing capability of an island microgrid, and the method comprises the steps: building island microgrid model simulation and a control framework thereof based on a droop control principle; in normal running scenarios, employing a distributed consistency control method for performing consistency iteration on reactive power emitted by all distributed units after the island microgrid operates stably, inputting an operation result of a control algorithm into inverter control of each distributed power supply, andmodifying the reactive power emitted by each distributed power supply to enable output reactive power of all the inverters to reach the same value. Reactive power sharing of the distributed power supply is realized, so that the voltage quality is improved, and the loss caused by reactive circulation is inhibited; and then, after the microgrid achieves reactive power sharing stable output, the system load is increased, and the control strategy is restarted for verifying the anti-disturbance capability of the control strategy and controlling the reactive power output of each distributed power supply, thereby achieving the reactive power sharing of the distributed power supplies again.