The invention provides a plant chlorophyll fluorescence parameter correction method and device. The method comprises A1, carrying out dark adaptation treatment on a plant; A2, acquiring a minimum chlorophyll fluorescence image of the plant, and then acquiring a maximum chlorophyll fluorescence image of the plant; A3, enabling the plant to be in an actinic light irradiation environment, and obtaining an initial reflection image of the plant at the moment; A4, irradiating the plant with actinic light for t hours, and obtaining a plant reflection image and a dynamic instantaneous fluorescence image after the plant reaches a light adaptation state; A5, after the plants are illuminated by ultraviolet light for t hours, obtaining a steady-state blue spectral fluorescence image, a green spectralfluorescence image, a red spectral fluorescence image and a far infrared spectral fluorescence image of the plant; A6, calculating a chlorophyll fluorescence yield deviation coefficient; A7, carryingout correction calculation to obtain an actual chlorophyll fluorescence yield parameter under an illumination condition; A8, calculating to obtain an actual chlorophyll fluorescence parameter image for analysis. The photosynthesis efficiency can be detected more accurately by the method and the device.