The invention discloses a casting technology for producing a high-chromium alloy hammer through an evanescent mold, and belongs to the technical field of alloy casting. During product preparing, polystyrene foam serves as a base material, and a mold is manufactured through cutting; then, the surface of the mold is coated with an alloy coating, after heat preservation and drying are conducted, applying of a fireproof coating is conducted, the evanescent mold provided with the fireproof coating in a brush application manner is moved into a sand box, the spraying manner is adopted for sand filling, a vibration table is used for tightly vibrating moulding sand, then, molten steel liquid is poured into a pouring cup for pouring, the pouring temperature is 1,500 DEG C, and the pressure is 0.04 MPa; and after pouring is finished, rapid cooling is conducted to 1,050-1,100 DEG C, and after heat preservation is conducted for 3-5 h, the mold is arranged in water to be quenched, and then the high-chromium alloy hammer is obtained. The obtained product has good impact toughness and abrasion resisting performance, and therefore the product has long service life.