The invention discloses an electric knocking cracking and microwave collaborated heat driving gas extraction system and a method. The system comprises an ultra-high pressure water jet generating system, an electric knocking cracking system, a microwave heat injection system and a gas extraction system. In work, a drilling machine clamps the tail end of an insulating sleeve, and the front end of the insulating sleeve stretches into a gas extraction hole. The input end of a rotating sealing device of the drilling machine is connected with an ultra-high pressure water pump through a nanometer fluid pipeline, and the output end is connected with the tail end of the insulating sleeve. The using method of the system comprises the steps of construction of the gas extraction hole, injecting of nanometer fluid suspension liquid, discharging, heating and the like. According to the system, electric cracking is combined with microwave heat injection, the coal layer cracking and heat driving gas collaborated effect is achieved, the gas desorption efficiency is remarkably improved, the purpose of preventing and treating gas disasters is achieved, and efficient and safe mining of coal resources is achieved.