The invention discloses a hydraulically-controlled safe-supporting anchoring device and a use method thereof. The hydraulically-controlled safe-supporting anchoring device comprises a central pipe, ananchoring device, a slip, a slip bracket, a piston cylinder, a safe descending mechanism and a safe ascending mechanism, wherein a locking block groove and a pressure transfer hole are formed in thecentral pipe; the anchoring device is arranged at the outer side of the central pipe, and comprises a cone body which is fixedly connected with the central pipe, and the outer side surface of the conebody is an inclined surface; the inner side surface of the slip is a conical surface, and forms slide fit with the outer side surface of the cone body; the slip bracket is arranged at the lower sideof the slip, and connected with the slip; the bottom of the piston cylinder is fixedly connected with the central pipe, and an annular space which communicates with the pressure transfer hole is formed between the piston cylinder and the central pipe; the safe descending mechanism and the safe ascending mechanism are arranged in the annular space which is formed by the piston cylinder and the central pipe, and the safe descending mechanism fixedly connects the slip bracket with the central pipe; and the safe ascending mechanism comprises an elastic element and a piston, and the elastic elementis used for return of the piston. According to the hydraulically-controlled safe-supporting anchoring device and the use method thereof, safe descending and safe ascending for the anchoring device can be realized.