The invention discloses a roadway tunneling temporary anti-impact supporting device capable of absorbing blasting vibration energy. The device comprises an extension sleeve; a two-way hydraulic oil cylinder device is mounted in the extension sleeve; a controller is mounted on the outer side surface of the extension sleeve; an automatic impact adjusted compression device is arranged in the center of the side surface of the extension sleeve; and support base devices are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the extension sleeve. An impact baffle plate is impacted by impact force generated through roadway tunneling blasting for power relief through angle adjustment, so that a cylindrical fixed head is inserted in the inner wall of a roadway to increase the friction force between the deviceand the inner wall of the roadway, and the device is fixedly more stably; meanwhile, a ventilation pressure relief hole is formed in the impact baffle plate for effectively guaranteeing the tilting phenomenon of the device caused by the blasting impact; and oil is injected in the hydraulic oil cylinder through adjustment again to guarantee enough pressure between the support bases and the inner wall of the roadway, so that the roadway tunneling work is performed safely.