The invention discloses a rust detection network and method and a readable storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of computer vision. The rust detection network provided by the embodimentof the invention is of a U-shaped segmentation network structure, and the decoding stage can be spliced with a feature map corresponding to the encoding stage in the up-sampling process, so that someimportant feature information obtained in the down-sampling process in the encoding stage is reserved to the maximum extent, and images of any size can be processed, and rust can be accurately positioned; and a receptive field module is introduced to replace traditional convolution operation, so as to effectively improve the receptive field, well solve the problem of wrong division of rust, and improve the rust detection accuracy. Meanwhile, The rust detection method provided by the invention processes the to-be-detected image based on the rust detection network, and can realize accurate positioning of rust.