The invention relates to a linkage fire protection control method based on formation capacity grading cabinets. The linkage fire protection control method based on the formation capacity grading cabinets comprises the steps of S1, collecting fire data and transmitting the fire data to a dispatching center; S2, judging a fire occurrence area through the dispatching center and calling data of statusbit registers of the corresponding layer of the formation capacity grading cabinets; and S3, judging the data of the status bit registers of the corresponding layer of the formation capacity gradingcabinets and executing the corresponding closing process according to the judgment result. A linkage fire protection control device based on the formation capacity grading cabinets comprises the dispatching center, a stacking machine, a formation capacity grading cabinet control center and a collection sensor. Through the linkage fire protection control method and device based on the formation capacity grading cabinets, the intelligent linkage fire protection control reliability and stability of the formation capacity grading cabinet in the corresponding fire protection control technology areeffectively improved, the defects that long-time leakage of fire protection gas, damage to a fire door and system breakdown of a fire protection system due to the coordination problem are avoided, andthe high-level fire protection control quality is ensured accordingly.