The present invention discloses a sequencing batch activated sludge process sewage biological treatment device, which comprises: a cavity; wherein the cavity comprises an adjustment zone, a sequencingbatch main reaction zone, a clarification zone and a clear water zone; the sequencing batch main reaction zone is respectively connected to the adjustment zone and the clarification zone, and the clarification zone is further connected to the clear water zone; a water inlet is formed in the side wall of the adjusting area, a water inlet stripping assembly and an adjusting weir trough are arrangedin the adjusting area, and the adjusting weir trough is connected with the water inlet stripping assembly and the sequencing batch type main reaction area; the sequencing batch type main reaction zone comprises a first reaction zone and a second reaction zone, wherein a first aeration assembly and a filler zone are arranged in the first reaction zone, and a second aeration assembly, a sludge backflow gas stripping assembly, an inverted cone structure and an anti-surge structure are arranged in the second reaction zone; the sludge backflow gas stripping assembly is connected with the first reaction zone, and the anti-surge structure is connected with the clarification zone; a drain pipe is arranged on the side wall of the clarification area, and a central water distributor is arranged in the clarification area. The device can effectively control bulking of sludge and is good in water discharge effect.