The invention provides a snow quilt-soil-loose rock stratum continuum hydrothermal coupling calculation method. The method relates to the technical field of hydrological models. According to the method, a hydrological model is adopted, on the basis of an original soil layer, the influence of accumulated snow on aquifer hydrothermal calculation is considered on the top of the soil layer, a loose rock stratum which does not belong to soil but can store underground water is added to the lower layer of the soil layer, and a snow quilt-soil-loose rock stratum continuum heat flux calculation model is formed. According to the method, the influence of the snow quilt and the loose rock stratum on hydrothermal calculation of the model is considered, the method can be applied to sub-basins with largesnow quilt thickness and thin soil layers, the application range of the model is widened, the physical structure of the model is closer to reality, and meanwhile the calculation precision of the model is improved.