The invention provides a medical waste high-temperature steam sterilization box. The medical waste high-temperature steam sterilization box comprises a box body; a steam injection pipe is arranged atthe bottom of the box body; a nozzle is formed in the top end of the steam injection pipe; in addition, the steam injection pipe is of a telescopic structure. A first temperature sensor is provided, the first temperature sensor is arranged at the top end of the steam injection pipe, and is interlocked with the steam injection pipe, when the first temperature sensor senses that the temperature of the area where the first temperature sensor is located is lower than a preset value, the steam injection pipe starts steam injection in the area, when the first temperature sensor senses that the temperature of the area where the first temperature sensor is located is higher than the preset value, the steam injection pipe stops steam injection in the area and stretches out and draws back to the next area. According to the medical waste high-temperature steam sterilization box provided by the invention, high-temperature steam can reach each position in the sterilization box without dead angles,so that the temperature in the sterilization box is uniform, and the sterilization is more thorough.