The invention relates to a biomechanical multifunctional loading scaffold, which comprises a base, at least two vertical bars, at least two cross bars, a plurality of pulley blocks, a fixing clamp anda plurality of weights, wherein two sliding tracks are symmetrically arranged at the upper part of the base; two vertical bars and two cross bars are assembled into a ''#''-shaped structure through aconnection block; at least four pulley blocks are arranged on each cross bar; and at least one pulley block is arranged on each vertical bar. The invention further relates to a biomechanical multifunctional loading detection method. The biomechanical multifunctional loading scaffold has the advantages that the structure is simple; the positions of various components can be conveniently adjusted according to the experiment needs; the biomechanical multifunctional loading scaffold adapts to different experiment environments, can simulate unidirectional motion and compound motion, is more comprehensive and accurate in experimental data, is suitable for bone and joint specimens of four limbs of a human body, and is a universal biomechanical multifunctional loading scaffold; the experiment cost can be effectively reduced; and experimental data of different bones and joints can be compared under the same standard.