The invention discloses an in-situ joule heat water removal and oil removal method for an electrode material. The method mainly aims at a high-nickel-silicon system lithium ion battery material pretreatment technology. By adopting the method provided by the invention, rapid water removal of a positive electrode material and rapid oil removal of a negative electrode material can be realized in situ, the moisture in the high-nickel positive electrode material and the residual oil in the silicon-containing negative electrode material are greatly reduced, the comprehensive performance of batteriesmade of the material is improved, and finally, long-cycle stable operation of lithium ion batteries is realized. Meanwhile, the energy loss caused by traditional drying by using a high-capacity and high-power drying oven is reduced, and finally, rapid water removal and oil removal of the material under low energy consumption are realized.