The invention discloses a cold control system of an ice cream machine, a cold control method and the ice cream machine. The cold control system of the ice cream machine comprises a material tank, a freezing cylinder, a main pipeline, a material tank precooling branch and a freezing cylinder cooling branch. The cold control method comprises a material tank precooling control method, wherein the material tank precooling control method specifically comprises the following steps: detecting the temperature Tc of the material tank, and comparing the temperature Tc with a preset precooling temperature T1; detecting whether the ice cream machine is in an ice cream making process or not; and detecting whether the temperature Tc of the material tank is higher than a second preset temperature T3 or not. The cold control system has the beneficial effects that as one material tank precooling branch is arranged on the freezing cylinder cooling branch in parallel, an independent cooling system is notadditionally arranged, and the production cost of the equipment can be lowered; meanwhile, when ice cream is made by using a main cooling system, material tank precooling operation is not implemented, so that the quality of the ice cream can be stabile; and in addition, precooling is implemented intermediately when the material tank temperature is low, and together with a stirring device, the problem that material pulp is frozen when the material tank is precooled can be avoided.