The invention relates to a system for reducing graphene oxide by using a femtosecond laser pulse sequence, and belongs to the technical field of femtosecond laser application. According to the system,a pulse shaper is used for modulating time domain waveform of femtosecond laser, the modulated laser is propagated through an optical system and focused on the surface of graphene oxide through a lens, processing of the graphene oxide is achieved, and a graphene-like structure is generated because of reduction reaction in a processed area. According to the system, the pulse shaper is used for adjusting a phase function corresponding to the femtosecond laser time domain waveform, the femtosecond laser time domain waveform is modulated into complex waveforms such as an equal-strength multi-pulse sequence and a strength-decreasing multi-pulse sequence from a single pulse, the reduction effect of graphene oxide is optimized, and the reduction degree is increased. The advantages of the femtosecond laser reduction on graphene oxide is achieved better, the advantages of high processing precision, high energy utilization rate and high reduction degree of graphene oxide are achieved, and a feasible method for preparing carbon-based micro-nano devices based on the graphene oxide is provided.