The invention discloses a hand-held fire extinguisher comprehensive management system based on the Internet of things and an implementation method. The hand-held fire extinguisher comprehensive management system comprises a controller, a handheld terminal with an electromagnetic signal transmitter, a control center, a power supply connected to the controller, an acousto-optic alarm, a positioner used for positioning the fire extinguisher, a time monitoring module used for recording the validity period of the fire extinguisher, an electromagnetic signal receiver used for receiving electromagnetic signals emitted by the handheld terminal, and a communication module connected to the controller and used for transmitting control signals between the controller and the control center. According to the hand-held fire extinguisher comprehensive management system and the implementation method, the purposes of comprehensive management and high working efficiency are achieved.