The invention relates to an urban charging station planning method based on electric vehicle travel big data. The urban charging station planning method comprises the steps: 1), carrying out the datacleaning and data mining of the electric vehicle travel big data, and obtaining an initial state rule, a state transition rule and a charging information rule; 2) simulating the initial state of the vehicle by adopting a roulette method, recurring the travel state at each moment by adopting a Markov principle, and obtaining the space-time distribution of the travel state by screening charging demand points; 3) according to the space-time distribution condition of the charging demand, selecting candidate station addresses by integrating geographical factors and urban planning requirements, andcalculating selectable levels of the candidate stations meeting the charging demand dissatisfaction rate constraint. Compared with the prior art, the urban charging station planning method has the advantages that the accuracy of obtaining the initial state rule, the state transition rule and the charging information rule is improved, and the planning scheme is specific, and the like.