The embodiment of the invention provides an electric energy meter resource allocation method and device. The method comprises the steps that distribution application information and unit inventory information are acquired; establishing an inventory safety deviation degree function according to the distribution application information and the unit inventory information; and solving the inventory safety deviation degree function through a genetic algorithm, and obtaining target deployment scheme information according to the fitness information of the genetic algorithm. The delivery application information and the unit inventory information are acquired regularly, so that the effectiveness of the acquired unit inventory information and the delivery application information can be effectively ensured; establishing an inventory safety deviation degree function; wherein the inventory safety deviation degree function is used for solving the minimum safety inventory deviation degree, and then solving the inventory safety deviation degree function through a genetic algorithm, determining optimal target allocation scheme information, so that overstocked electric energy meter resources are effectively allocated to a city unit with scarcity of electric energy meters through the optimal target allocation scheme information, thereby realizing efficient utilization of the inventory electric energy meters.