The invention discloses a shock insulation layer structure. The structure comprises upper columns, an upper shear wall, lower columns and a lower shear wall, wherein the upper columns and the upper shear wall are fixedly connected with an upper layer building, the lower columns and the lower shear wall are fixedly connected with a lower layer building, and shock insulation rubber supports are mounted between the upper columns and the lower columns; an elastic sliding plate support with a vertical supporting effect is installed between the upper shear wall and the lower shear wall; a joint plate is fixed between the upper columns, a connecting block is fixed to the lower surface of the joint plate, and a viscous damper is fixed between the connecting block and the lower columns; and the elastic sliding plate support is fixedly connected with the lower shear wall and is in sliding connection with the upper shear wall. The elastic slide plate support is matched with the shock insulation rubber supports, so that the rigidity of a shock insulation layer is reduced, and a better damping effect is achieved. Application of the viscous damper reduces the distance of vertical shock insulation seams under the condition that the damping effect is not affected, and meanwhile, through buffering of the damper, the structure can slowly restore stability when an earthquake occurs.