The invention provides an integral concrete structure of a steel frame shear wall structure. The integral concrete structure comprises a vertical structure, L-shaped angle steel and a horizontal structure connected with the vertical structure through the L-shaped angle steel, wherein the vertical structure comprises a plurality of section steel stiff columns and steel reinforced column core tube wall bodies connected between the section steel stiff columns; the horizontal structure comprises a steel bar truss plate and section steel beams erected between the steel reinforced column core tube wall bodies; and the steel bar truss plate is placed on the L-shaped angle steel and bound to the section steel beams, and then concrete of the horizontal structure is poured. The invention further provides a construction method of the integral concrete structure of the steel frame shear wall structure. Compared with the related technology, the integral concrete structure and the construction method have the following advantages that the construction period can be shortened, the construction progress can be accelerated, and meanwhile the construction quality and safety can be ensured.