The invention provides a crane intrusion detection mechanism in a power transmission scene based on HDNet. According to the mechanism, traditional image geometric transformation and GAN are used for carrying out generative data enhancement on a data set to design a new target detection network HDNet, wherein the new target detection network HDNet comprises a crane candidate region generation sub-network HVDNet and a crane target classification sub-network HCNet; a channel pruning strategy is adopted to delete invalid nodes to realize model compression, so that the model can stably run on an embedded platform, the target detection efficiency is improved, and the availability and robustness of crane intrusion operation detection in a power transmission scene are ensured.